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Our goals are to decipher the mechanisms involved in egg formation, to characterize egg components and their related functions, to preserve the quality of table and fertilized eggs, and finally to explore their variability in response to various parameters related to laying hens (physiology, genetics), the egg (egg conservation, age of birds) and to the development of the embryo.
Team leaders: Joël Gautron et Sophie Réhault-Godbert
Main objectives:
Our ultimate goals are to preserve and reinforce the quality of table and fertilized eggs. In such a context, we want to decipher the mechanisms involved in egg formation and the functions of egg molecules. The team has developed a specific expertise on protective systems (whose integrity ensures the safety of eggs), the embryonic structure, the eggshell biomineralization, the chemistry and physical characteristics of egg, its antimicrobial molecules… Our studies contribute to better define the functional and structural specificities of avian egg proteins in order to evaluate their potential in selection, Food and Health industries.
Physiology of egg formation and biological functions of egg proteins: Data integration of high throughput analyses to better understand the origin of egg components and to identify functional candidates.
Functional characterization of matrix proteins and mineral transporters involved in the mineralization process of the shell, study of the interaction of proteins with the mineral phase.
Study of the role of egg proteins and of the extraembryonic structures on egg protection (functional and structural characterization of antibacterial proteins, antiviral, anti-parasitical egg molecules), the avian reproduction, and embryonic development. Defining new markers of egg quality (proteins, metabolites, physicochemical parameters, mechanical parameters of the shell, membranes, etc...).
Regulation and variability in the quality of eggs:
Study of the impact of genetic, environmental, nutritional, and physiological factors on the various parameters of eggs, for the selection and optimization of conditions of chicken production, as well as egg storage and incubation. Phylogenetic and comparative functional approaches to evaluate the variability of the molecules between and within species.
Research projects:
- H2020 PPILOW, Poultry and PIg Low-input and Organic production systems’ Welfare 2019-2024. Partner. - CASDAR Chick’tip. 2018-2021. Partner. - Contrat de Recherche partenariale “Bone and EggShell Quality ». 2018-2022. Partner. - Contrat de Recherche Partenariale « D-shell ». 2019. Coordinator. - Contrat d’initiative Régionale Région centre val de Loire « Volailles ». 2018-2022. Valorisation de l’Origine, Liens entre Acteurs, Identités LocaLes, Évolutions du Secteur avicole. Partner. - Projet de Recherche AGENAVI « Polcacao ». 2019-2021. POLymorphismes CAndidats de la CAlcification de la coquille de l’Œuf de poule. Partner. - Contrat Studium Professorship. Maxwell Hincke (Univ. Ottawa). 2018-2021. Innate immunity at biomineralized barriers. - SAPhyr-11, Structure-Activity and Phylogenetic Relationships of avian beta-defensin 11. 2017-2020. Coordinator. Région Centre Val de Loire. - UMT-BIRD (aviculture, système et territoire). 2017-2021.
Realised projects:
- IMPACT, 2013-2017. Coordinator. ANR Blanc : Identification of Matrix Proteins Affecting Crystal Texture in chicken and guinea fowl effshells. - MUSE, Medicinal Use of Eggs 2014-2016. Coordinator. Région Centre Val de Loire : Structural and functional characterization of edd proteins and peptides. - ADAGIO, 2015-2017. Partner ; Intérêt régional. Région Centre Val de Loire : Human monoclonal antibodies for the diagnosis of egg allergy. - Eggsperm, 2014. Coordinateur, Département PHASE. Emergence project - OVAL, 2011-2014. Coordinateur. Régions Bretagne, Pays de la Loire, Centre Val de Loire : Valorization of clear eggs. - Ovomining, 2009-2012. Coordinateur. ANR Blanc : Biochemical and functional characterization of newly identified antimicrobial molecules in the egg. - RESCAPE, 2006-2009. Coordinateur. Européen STREP : Reducing Egg susceptibility to Contamination in Avian Production in Europe. - Biocristal, 2006-2009. Partenaire. ANR Blanc : Biochemically driven Ca carbonate crystallization in corals, mollusks and eggshells. - SABRE, 2006-2010 Partenaire. Européen : Cutting Edge Genomics for Sustainable Animal Breeding. - Eggdefense, 2001-2004. Coordinateur. Europeen STREP : Improving quality and safety of hen eggs in new production systems by reinforcing the antimicrobial natural defense and by developing tools for grading eggs.
Da Silva, M., Dombre, C., Brionne, A., Monget, P., Chessé, M., De Pauw, M., Mills, M., Combes-Soia, L., Labas, V., Guyot, N., Nys, Y., Rehault-Godbert, S, 2018. The unique features of proteins depicting the chicken amniotic fluid. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, mcp.RA117.000459. , DOI : 10.1074/mcp.RA117.000459
Réhault-Godbert, S., & Guyot, N, 2018. Vitellogenesis and Yolk Proteins, Birds. In M. K. Skinner (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Reproduction. vol. 6, pp. 278–284. Academic Press: Elsevier.
Wilson PW, Suther CS, Bain MM, Icken W, Jones A, Quinlan-Pluck F, Olori V, Gautron J, Dunn IC, 2017. Understanding avian egg cuticle formation in the oviduct: a study of its origin and deposition. Biol Reprod. 97(1):39-49. doi: 10.1093/biolre/iox070.
